200 שאלות תרגול בהסקת מסקנה באנגלית מתוך פרק האנגלית של הבחינה הפסיכומטרית. לכל שאלה פתרון מלא ומוסבר, ואפשר לתרגל לפי רמת קושי.
57 קלות80 בינוניות63 קשות
איך פותרים הסקת מסקנה באנגלית
הכלללא קוראים את הקטע ואז את השאלות. קוראים את השאלות קודם, ואז קוראים את הקטע כשאתם כבר יודעים מה אתם מחפשים - זה ההבדל בין לסיים בזמן ללא לסיים.
1עברו על השאלות ראשונות, בלי האפשרויות. שתי דקות שם חוסכות יותר משהן עולות.
2קראו את הקטע ברצף אחד. אל תעצרו על מילה לא מוכרת - ההקשר יסביר אותה, ואם לא, כנראה לא צריך אותה.
3סמנו בראש איפה כל פסקה נמצאת: על מה היא, ומה תפקידה בטיעון.
4לכל שאלה חזרו לשורה שעונה עליה. תשובה שאתם לא יכולים להצביע על המקום שלה בטקסט היא ניחוש.
המלכודתאפשרות שנכונה בעולם אבל לא נאמרה בקטע. המבחן שואל מה כתוב, לא מה נכון - וידע כללי הוא מה שמפיל כאן, במיוחד כשהנושא מוכר לכם. אם אי אפשר להצביע על השורה, זו לא התשובה.
שאלות לדוגמה
ארבע מתוך 200, עם הפתרון המלא.
שאלה 1
Read the passage:
The Iron Lady of Paris
When Gustave Eiffel's company won the competition to build a monument for the 1889 World's Fair in Paris, not everyone was pleased. In 1887, while construction was under way, a group of well-known artists and writers published a letter of protest in a Paris newspaper, describing the planned tower as useless and monstrous and arguing that it would overshadow the city's historic buildings. Their objections, however, did little to slow the work. Built from thousands of iron parts held together by millions of rivets, the tower was completed in about two years and, at roughly 300 metres, became the tallest structure in the world.
The tower's troubles did not end when the fair closed. Eiffel had been given permission to keep it for only twenty years, after which it could have been taken down. Aware of the danger, he worked hard to show that it served a practical purpose, encouraging scientific experiments on it, from weather observations to studies of air resistance. Most importantly, it proved to be an excellent support for radio antennas, and its value for communications, particularly to the military, helped secure its future. Today it is hard to imagine Paris without the structure that some of its most respected citizens once opposed.
It can be concluded from the passage that the protesting artists -
אhad the tower removed after twenty years
בfailed to prevent its construction
גlater helped Eiffel find a use for the tower
דobjected mainly to the cost of the tower
הפתרון
"did little to slow the work" והמגדל הושלם תוך כשנתיים. הם טענו שהוא מכוער ומיותר - לא יקר.
שאלה 2
Read the passage:
Drifting Continents
In 1912 the German meteorologist Alfred Wegener proposed that the continents had once formed a single landmass and had since drifted apart. His evidence was varied and, in retrospect, compelling: the coastlines of South America and Africa fit together remarkably well; fossils of the same plants and land animals appear on continents now separated by oceans; and rock formations and traces of ancient glaciers line up across the Atlantic. Yet for decades most geologists dismissed the idea, some with open contempt.
It is tempting to read this as a simple tale of narrow-minded experts, but the reality is more nuanced. Wegener could not explain what force could push continents through the solid ocean floor, and the mechanisms he did suggest were shown by physicists to be far too weak. His critics were thus not unreasonable in demanding a mechanism before accepting so radical a claim. What was missing was not evidence of movement but an account of how movement was possible.
That account emerged only after Wegener's death in 1930, on an expedition to Greenland. In the 1950s and 1960s, surveys of the ocean floor revealed that new crust forms along mid-ocean ridges and spreads outwards, carrying the continents with it. By the late 1960s, continental drift, reframed as plate tectonics, had become the foundation of modern geology.
It can be concluded from the passage that Wegener -
אwas trained as a geologist rather than a meteorologist
בwas the first to describe sea-floor spreading
גdid not live to see his idea accepted
דgave up his theory after physicists criticized it
הפתרון
הוא מת ב-1930, והתאוריה התקבלה רק בסוף שנות ה-60. הוא היה מטאורולוג, והתפשטות קרקעית הים התגלתה אחרי מותו.
שאלה 3
Read the passage:
Lightning and Thunder
During a storm, you usually see a flash of lightning first and hear the thunder a few seconds later. Many children believe that the two happen at different times, but in fact they happen at the same moment. Lightning is a giant electric spark, and it heats the air around it until it is hotter than the surface of the sun. The air expands so quickly that it makes a loud bang, and that bang is thunder.
We notice the flash first for a simple reason: light travels much faster than sound. Light from the flash reaches our eyes almost immediately, while sound needs about three seconds to travel one kilometre. This difference gives us an easy way to find out how far away a storm is. Count the seconds between the flash and the thunder, then divide the number by three. If you count nine seconds, the lightning struck about three kilometres away.
Counting can also tell you whether a storm is coming closer. If the gap becomes shorter each time, the storm is moving towards you. However, experts advise people to go indoors as soon as they hear any thunder at all, because lightning can strike far from the centre of a storm.
A person counts twelve seconds after one flash and six seconds after the next. It can be concluded that -
אthe storm is moving towards the person
בthe storm is moving away from the person
גthe first flash struck twelve kilometres away
דit is safe for the person to stay outdoors
הפתרון
הפער מתקצר - "the storm is moving towards you". 12 שניות = כ-4 ק"מ, לא 12. והמומחים ממליצים להיכנס פנימה.
שאלה 4
Read the passage:
Losing the Night Sky
For most of human history, anyone could look up on a clear night and see thousands of stars and the pale band of the Milky Way. Today, many people have never seen it. The reason is light pollution: the glow from street lamps, advertisements, car parks and buildings that spreads into the sky and hides the stars. In the centre of a large city, a person may see only a few dozen of the brightest stars.
Light pollution is not only a problem for people who enjoy the stars. It also confuses animals. Many birds that travel at night can lose their way around brightly lit buildings. Newly hatched sea turtles normally find the sea by moving towards the brighter horizon over the water, but near a lit road they may crawl towards the lights instead.
The good news is that this kind of pollution is one of the easiest to fix. Unlike smoke in the air or plastic in the ocean, it disappears the moment a light is switched off. Lamps that point downwards instead of up into the sky, lights that turn off when nobody needs them, and softer, less bright bulbs can all make a real difference. Some towns have already made these changes, and their residents can once again enjoy a sky full of stars.
It can be concluded from the passage that a person who wants to see the Milky Way should -
אstand near a brightly lit building in the city
בlook only for the brightest stars in the sky
גuse lamps that point up into the sky
דgo somewhere far from bright artificial lights
הפתרון
זיהום האור מסתיר את שביל החלב, ולכן צריך להתרחק מאורות. במרכז עיר רואים רק את הכוכבים הבהירים.