200 שאלות תרגול במשמעות ביטוי באנגלית מתוך פרק האנגלית של הבחינה הפסיכומטרית. לכל שאלה פתרון מלא ומוסבר, ואפשר לתרגל לפי רמת קושי.
63 קלות76 בינוניות61 קשות
איך פותרים משמעות ביטוי באנגלית
הכלללא קוראים את הקטע ואז את השאלות. קוראים את השאלות קודם, ואז קוראים את הקטע כשאתם כבר יודעים מה אתם מחפשים - זה ההבדל בין לסיים בזמן ללא לסיים.
1עברו על השאלות ראשונות, בלי האפשרויות. שתי דקות שם חוסכות יותר משהן עולות.
2קראו את הקטע ברצף אחד. אל תעצרו על מילה לא מוכרת - ההקשר יסביר אותה, ואם לא, כנראה לא צריך אותה.
3סמנו בראש איפה כל פסקה נמצאת: על מה היא, ומה תפקידה בטיעון.
4לכל שאלה חזרו לשורה שעונה עליה. תשובה שאתם לא יכולים להצביע על המקום שלה בטקסט היא ניחוש.
המלכודתאפשרות שנכונה בעולם אבל לא נאמרה בקטע. המבחן שואל מה כתוב, לא מה נכון - וידע כללי הוא מה שמפיל כאן, במיוחד כשהנושא מוכר לכם. אם אי אפשר להצביע על השורה, זו לא התשובה.
שאלות לדוגמה
ארבע מתוך 200, עם הפתרון המלא.
שאלה 1
Read the passage:
Drifting Continents
In 1912 the German meteorologist Alfred Wegener proposed that the continents had once formed a single landmass and had since drifted apart. His evidence was varied and, in retrospect, compelling: the coastlines of South America and Africa fit together remarkably well; fossils of the same plants and land animals appear on continents now separated by oceans; and rock formations and traces of ancient glaciers line up across the Atlantic. Yet for decades most geologists dismissed the idea, some with open contempt.
It is tempting to read this as a simple tale of narrow-minded experts, but the reality is more nuanced. Wegener could not explain what force could push continents through the solid ocean floor, and the mechanisms he did suggest were shown by physicists to be far too weak. His critics were thus not unreasonable in demanding a mechanism before accepting so radical a claim. What was missing was not evidence of movement but an account of how movement was possible.
That account emerged only after Wegener's death in 1930, on an expedition to Greenland. In the 1950s and 1960s, surveys of the ocean floor revealed that new crust forms along mid-ocean ridges and spreads outwards, carrying the continents with it. By the late 1960s, continental drift, reframed as plate tectonics, had become the foundation of modern geology.
The phrase "more nuanced" in the second paragraph suggests that the reality was -
אmore widely known than the popular story
בless accurate than Wegener's critics claimed
גmore favourable to Wegener than is usually thought
דless simple than the popular story suggests
הפתרון
nuanced = מורכב, בעל דקויות - לא סיפור פשוט של מומחים צרי אופק. דווקא למבקרים (לא לוגנר) הייתה הצדקה.
שאלה 2
Read the passage:
Losing the Night Sky
For most of human history, anyone could look up on a clear night and see thousands of stars and the pale band of the Milky Way. Today, many people have never seen it. The reason is light pollution: the glow from street lamps, advertisements, car parks and buildings that spreads into the sky and hides the stars. In the centre of a large city, a person may see only a few dozen of the brightest stars.
Light pollution is not only a problem for people who enjoy the stars. It also confuses animals. Many birds that travel at night can lose their way around brightly lit buildings. Newly hatched sea turtles normally find the sea by moving towards the brighter horizon over the water, but near a lit road they may crawl towards the lights instead.
The good news is that this kind of pollution is one of the easiest to fix. Unlike smoke in the air or plastic in the ocean, it disappears the moment a light is switched off. Lamps that point downwards instead of up into the sky, lights that turn off when nobody needs them, and softer, less bright bulbs can all make a real difference. Some towns have already made these changes, and their residents can once again enjoy a sky full of stars.
The phrase "make a real difference" in the last paragraph means -
אhave an important effect
בcost a lot of money
גchange the colour of the light
דcause new problems
הפתרון
make a difference = להשפיע באופן משמעותי. כאן: הצעדים הפשוטים באמת מפחיתים את זיהום האור.
שאלה 3
Read the passage:
The Iron Lady of Paris
When Gustave Eiffel's company won the competition to build a monument for the 1889 World's Fair in Paris, not everyone was pleased. In 1887, while construction was under way, a group of well-known artists and writers published a letter of protest in a Paris newspaper, describing the planned tower as useless and monstrous and arguing that it would overshadow the city's historic buildings. Their objections, however, did little to slow the work. Built from thousands of iron parts held together by millions of rivets, the tower was completed in about two years and, at roughly 300 metres, became the tallest structure in the world.
The tower's troubles did not end when the fair closed. Eiffel had been given permission to keep it for only twenty years, after which it could have been taken down. Aware of the danger, he worked hard to show that it served a practical purpose, encouraging scientific experiments on it, from weather observations to studies of air resistance. Most importantly, it proved to be an excellent support for radio antennas, and its value for communications, particularly to the military, helped secure its future. Today it is hard to imagine Paris without the structure that some of its most respected citizens once opposed.
The phrase "under way" in the first paragraph means -
אbeing planned
בalready finished
גin progress
דdelayed
הפתרון
under way = בעיצומו, בתהליך. המכתב פורסם ב-1887, כשהבנייה כבר התנהלה.
שאלה 4
Read the passage:
From Film to Pixels
Until the end of the twentieth century, taking a photograph was a deliberate act. A roll of film typically held twenty-four or thirty-six pictures, each of which cost money to develop and print, and photographers often had to wait days before discovering whether a shot had worked. Consequently, people tended to think carefully before pressing the button, saving their film for birthdays, holidays and other special occasions.
Digital cameras, and later smartphones, removed these limits almost entirely. A single phone can now store thousands of images, each of which can be viewed instantly and deleted at no cost. The benefits are obvious: photography has become accessible to almost everyone, and beginners can learn by trial and error far more quickly than before.
Yet something may have been lost along the way. When pictures cost nothing, it is easy to take dozens of nearly identical shots and never look at any of them again. Some photographers argue that the old limits forced them to pay closer attention to light and composition. Nobody seriously suggests returning to film for everyday use, but it may be worth borrowing one of its habits: taking fewer pictures, and taking them with more care.
The phrase "trial and error" in the second paragraph refers to -
אfollowing a teacher's instructions closely
בlearning by trying and making mistakes
גstudying the work of expert photographers
דavoiding mistakes by carefully planning every picture
הפתרון
trial and error = ניסוי וטעייה. בדיגיטל אפשר לצלם, לראות מיד, לטעות ולנסות שוב.